According to Wikipedia, the arrow of time is a term coined by British astronomer Arthur Eddington to distinguish between two types of physical processes:

Physical processes at the microscopic level are believed to be either entirely or mostly time symmetric, meaning that the theoretical statements that describe them remain true if the direction of time is reversed; yet when we describe things at the macroscopic level it often appears that this is not the case: there is an obvious direction (or flow) of time. An arrow of time is anything that exhibits such time-asymmetry.

Put another way:

Any process that happens regularly in the forward direction of time but rarely or never in the opposite direction, such as entropy increasing in an isolated system, defines what physicists call an arrow of time in nature.

There are also some helpful rules about the arrow of time:

1) It is vividly recognized by consciousness.
2) It is equally insisted on by our reasoning faculty, which tells us that a reversal of the arrow would render the external world nonsensical.
3) It makes no appearance in physical science except in the study of organization of a number of individuals.

More on the arrow of time, including a great interview with Caltech theoretical physicist Sean Carroll, here at The Long Now Blog.

At Yucca Mountain, where nuclear waste will remain stored for over 1,000,000 years, the issue is how to create a warning durable enough to last for that long. The answer is in diversification:

We have looked very closely at what WIPP is doing—the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico. They did a study with futurists and other people-sociologists and language specialists. They decided to come up with markers in seven languages, basically like a Rosetta Stone, with the idea that there will always be someone in the world who studies ancient languages, even 10,000 years from now, someone who will be able to resurrect what the meanings of these stelae are. They will basically say, “This is not a place of honor, don’t dig here, this is not good material,” etc.

New problems, classic solutions (via Kottke). One of my students at Parsons arrived at the same solution earlier this year when I put the challenge to my Experimental Typography class. Project description here.

Discover Magazine’s 10+1 rules for time travelers:

0) There are no paradoxes.
1) Traveling into the future is easy.
2) Traveling into the past is hard — but maybe not impossible.
3) Traveling through time is like traveling through space.
4) Things that travel together, age together.
5) Black holes are not time machines.
6) If something happened, it happened.
7) There is no meta-time.
8) You can’t travel back to before the time machine was built.
9) Unless you go to a parallel universe.
10) And even then, your old universe is still there.

(via Buzzfeed).

Above: Yoshi Hozumi researched the ancient practice of salting the earth in her response. She presented her findings in a chapbook along with renderings of the barren strip she proposed salting at the outskirts of the site.

The following was broadcast on an NPR news report:

In 2002, [Desert Space Foundation Director Josh] Abbey created a design competition to find a permanent warning sign for the proposed nuclear waste site [in Yucca Mountain, Nevada]. The purpose of the competition, he says, is to find a universal warning sign which conveys that the deposit is highly dangerous. One caveat: the symbols have to work even if language or communication breaks down in the future. And the design has to last at least 10,000 years.

Take a moment to consider this design challenge. Then, respond to it in whatever manner you feel is most appropriate.

This assignment is from the class Typographic Research. It was inspired by several projects from the Long Now Foundation.

Billions and billions… of pageviews. Yes, Carl Sagan’s Cosmos, in all its Trooper Roman glory, is up on Hulu and free for the watching (thx, Jonathan).

“You’re in a chair, in the sky!” I needed a laugh today and found one thanks to this great clip of Louis CK from Conan O’Brian via Kevin Kelly. (Also: a little free wisdom from Conan here via 37signals—I thought the same thing when I read this article in NYT.)

Above: y=mx+b magazine project. Custom tote bag designed and screenprinted by Yelena Avanesova.

Above: A spread of Ryan Quigley’s well story, “The Future of Fashion,” from y=mx+b. Page through the whole magazine from Issuu below, or visit the website to order or download your own copy.

Continue Reading →

Above: Yelena Avanesova’s project focused on a book she decided to read for the class, Alan Weisman’s The World Without Us, which imagines our planet after the last human has died off. Yelena’s underlined passages combined with imagery from vintage National Geographic magazines in this unique presentation of a world and text remembered. More + 10 to 20 projects below.

Above: Isaac Weeber’s book centered around sorting predictions about the future into three categories: plausible, possible, and impossible. These were color-coded and these colors showed up on the outer margins of all the content he chose to reproduce depending on his personal opinion.

Above: Yu Chung Lim’s book was a catalog of existing experimental architecture projects that she felt pointed a way toward the future of building and urbanization.

Generate a book about the future. This future should not be hundreds of years away, however: I’m interested in what you think about the immediate future, within your own lifetime, no more than 10 to 20 years from now.

Continue Reading →

It’s 2050, and you have amassed a library of some three million PDF documents. Ten years earlier, amid bad management and shareholder uproar, Adobe was forced out of business, and a new format has emerged as the portable document standard. With support for PDFs dwindling each year, where do you turn to access your information? The Format Exchange, built by the visionary Long Now Foundation, is “a central repository and discussion space for file format conversion to aid in knowledge transfer. The goal is to build a community and tool to help allow the information we are all now creating digitally to move into the future.” Brilliant. Update: Scott wrote in to share a few more thoughts on this: “You may want to check out Library of Congress MARC/XML and PDF/A formats. They are great archival digital formats that forward thinking people are working hard at. But note that even though the formats may be accessible, big businesses don’t often implement the standards. […] The latest Wired magazine also displays the exponential decline of our data storages life expectancy. Stone tablets have been found up to 7,000 years old and the CDs we burn last about 5 years.”

“FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE … SEPTEMBER 22, 2019 … Humans have 23 years to go … Global Extinction Awareness System starts the countdown for Homo sapiens. PALO ALTO, CA: Based on the results of a year-long supercomputer simulation, the Global Extinction Awareness System (GEAS) has reset the ‘survival horizon’ for Homo sapiens—the human race—from ‘indefinite’ to 23 years.” So begins The Institute for the Future’s game Superstruct, with a press release 11 years in the future.